Umunsi w’Umuganurani ni umunsi ngarukamwaka ukomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda, ni ku munsi wa 5 w’ukwezi kwa Kanama buri mwaka ni umunsi wahariwe kuganuza Abanyarwanda bakishimira umusaruro bagezeho, umuhango w’umuganura mu Rwanda waje kugaragara ku ngoma ya Musinga ubwo umwiru Gashamura ka Rukangirashyamba wari ushinzwe imihango yawo yacirirwaga i Burundi mu mwaka wa 1925.
Uyu Gashamura ni umwe uvugwa mu nsigamigani igira iti ‘‘yaragashize nka gashamura, abazungu baje kumurega kuvanga amasaka n’amasakaramentu, bishatse kuvuga ko Abanyarwanda n’umwami Musinga batsimbaraye ku mihango gakondo irimo umuganura w’amasaka banga kuyoboka iyobakamana,abazungu bazanye nugerageje akabivanga byombi.”
Ibyo bigaragarira mu kwishimira umusaruro w’ibyagezweho uvuye mu maboko y’abana b’Abanyarwanda. Uko kwishimira ibyagezweho, bijyana kandi no kwiyemeza kubishimangira no kubyubakiraho ibindi byinshi.
Mu kwizihiza Umuganura, turasabana, tugasangira ibyo twejeje ariko kandi tukanafata ingamba zo gukomeza gukora neza, kugira ngo tugere ku majyambere arambye duharanira kwishakamo ibisubizo no kwigira. Nkuko twese tubizi hari byinshi by’ingenzi byagezweho, bikaba byaragezweho kandi mu nzego z’ubuzima bw’Igihugu zinyuranye. Akaba ariyo mpamvu uyu munsi twafashe umwanya wo kubyishimira.
I Huro ni hamwe mu ahantu hambumbatiye amateka y’umuganura w’u Rwanda, aho ni mu Karere ka Gakenke, mu Murenge wa Muhondo, aho ni ho bakusanyirizaga ibiribwa byaganuzwaga Umwami bakabigemura i bwami.
Ako gace kahoze kitwa Bumbogo, aho izo imbuto zahaturukaga zaganuzwaga Umwami. Abambogo n’Abatsobe bo kwa Musana nibo baganuzaga umwami, imihango y’ibwami ijyanye n’iminsi mikuru y’umuganura ntiyashoboraga gutangira batagezeyo ngo baganuze umwami.
Nibo bajyanagayo imbuto nkuru, kuko ari ho hari ku isoko, ari zo amasaka, uburo, inzuzi, n’ibindi”.
Umusaza Mudahinyuka Paulin, utuye mu Murenge wa Muhondo, yavuze ko Umwami Ruganzu ll Ndoli yageze ahitwa i Kayenzi ka Byumba mu Karere ka Rulindo kwa Nyirasenge Nyabunyana, aho umukurambere w’Umumbogo, yafashe urugendo asanga umwami aho i Kayenzi, aho yari kwa Nyirasenge yanateye ibiti birindwi, ahiswe Biti by’Imana ku mpinga ya Ruganga.
Umwami Rugangu ngo akimara gutera ibyo biti yatereye amaso i Huro, yibuka ko ariho hamuganuzaga, ngo byaramubabaje abonye ko bakeneye imvura, ahita ajya ahitwa i Busigi gushaka abavubyi ngo batange imvura i Huro, anahagira igicumbi cy’ikusanyirizo ry’imbuto zizajya zikoreshwa mu muganura.
Mudahinyuka, avuga ko aho hantu umwami yahakunze ahatuza imiryango izamufasha kubona imbuto zo kuganura ari bo bitwa Mumbogo, ba Nyamurasa n’abitwa Musana aho bari bashinzwe gukusanya umusaruro wo kohereza i Bwami mu muganura.
Ati “Aho hantu ntabwo hakomeje guturwa n’Abambogo gusa, umwami yahise ahatuza Musana na Nyamurasa bari barohereje imiganura myinshi i bwami, imbuto yaganuzwaga yari yiganjemo amasaka n’uburo, niyo mpamvu umwami yabahaga ubutaka bunini ngo babibe, abone icyo azaganuza mu muganura”.
Ngo yabahaye kandi n’ibyanya byinshi byo kwagikamo imizinga ngo azabone ubuki bwo gutegura imitsama (Inzoga).
Uwo musaza avuga ko mu mbuto zajyaga ibwami zabaga ziherekejwe n’imitsama, n’amata, kubera ko i Nyanza hari kure ngo bahekaga n’ibitenga(icyibo kinini cyabohwaga mu mikindo n’intarabana mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu) cyasukwagamo izo mbuto ubwo babaga bageze ku karubanda(mu rugo rw’umwami).
Uwo musaza avuga ko ubwo babaga bitegura kwizihiza umuganura, ingoma zajyanwaga i Mbirima na Matovu kwa Mibambwe lll Sentabyo zikavuzwa, bishyimira ko yatsinze Mashira ya Sabugabo akigarurira utwo duce tw’i Nduga, ngo nyuma y’ibyishimo bagarukaga i Huro.
Icyo gihe cyo kwizihiza umuganura ubwo babaga bari mu rugendo rujya i bwami hari aho abagore bahezwaga, ubu kakaba babyemerewe kuko basubijwe ijambo, bamuramutsaga bagira bati “Gahorane amashyo n’ingoma Nyagasani mwami w’u Rwanda, mvuye mu gihugu cya Bumbogo, Musana yampaye umuganura w’imbuto zeze, yabibye amasaka, abiba uburo none abohereje umuganura”.
Agakomeza agira ati “Kandi yantumye ngo icyanya mwamuhaye kirimo imizinga, nayo yatanze umusaruro none akaba aboherereje umutsama ngo mwururutse mu gihe mufungura imbuto ya Gihanga itunze Abanyarwanda, ikindi atakwibagirwa ni ukugira ngo abibutse ko u Bumbogo mwamuhaye buri mu gihugu cyanyu cy’u Rwanda”.
Umwami yabanzaga gusoma ku mutsama yarangiza agakora muri za mbuto akazinyanyagiza hirya no hino mu gihugu, ati imbuto nikwire mu Rwanda, icyo gihe abaturage bakishima, ababyeyi bakaganuza ababyeyi babo n’ababyeyi bakagera igihe bahuza abana babo, bagashima uwabaye intwari, ubundi bakagaya ikigwari.
Mudahinyuka avuga ko ari ho havuye umugani ugira uti “Ihuriro ni i Huro”, yemeza ko uwo mugani uvuga ku mateka maremare yaranze ako gace k’u Bumbogo, amateka avugwamo n’umwami Yuhi lll Mazimpaka.
Andi mateka ari mu mirenge ikikije ako gace, ahari ikirenge cya Ruganzu, ibiti by’Imana aho Ruganzu ll Ndoli yabaye avuye i Karagwe, hari n’amavubiro ajyanye n’amakuru y’igihugu ku bijyanye n’ihinga, hakaba n’amateka y’Umwami Mibambwe lll Sentabyo wari utuye i Mbirima na Matovu mu Murenge wa Coko uhana imbibi n’umurenge wa Muhondo.
Icyabaga muri uyu muhango kwari ukuganura no kuganuza Abanyarwanda ibyo bejeje, ni ukuvuga ibyo babaga barahinze bakeza cyangwa baroroye bakagwiza, buri munyarwanda yaganuzaga icyo yejeje kuva ku muryango abarizwamo, kugeza ku baturanyi n’utundi turere bitewe ni uko ibihingwa byeraga mu gace runaka byashobokaga kuba bitera ahandi.
Uwo muganura wabaga ushingiye ku buhinzi n’ubworozi, kuko muri ibyo bihe ubukungu bw’Abanyarwanda bwabaga bushingiye kuri icyo cyiciro gusa.
U Rwanda rw’ubu, ubukungu bushingiye kuri serivisi rutanga haba ku benegihugu n’abanyamahanga. Leta y’Ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda yabishyizemo imbaraga n’umuhate, kugira ngo bigerweho ari na cyo gituma hakorwa ibishoboka kugira ngo habeho kurinda no gusigasira ibyagezweho.
Abasesenguzi bavuga ko byaba byiza umuganura uhujwe n’ibihe tugezemo hashingiwe kuri bya byiciro by’ubukungu, buri Munyarwanda akaganuza ibyo yagezeho haba ubumenyi yahashye, haba uvumbuzi yakoze, haba ubucuruzi yakoze akabona urwunguko, haba servisi nziza yatanzwe muri buri cyiciro cy’ubuzima bugize igihugu n’iterambere ryacyo, hagatangwa umuganura udashingiye gusa ku kurya no kunywa ibyaturutse mu buhinzi n’ubworozi, ahubwo n’ibyaturutse mu zindi serivisi n’ibikorwa biba mu gihugu.
Inzira y’umuganura ni imwe muri 18 zari zigize inzira z’ubwiru mu Rwanda, mu gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami. Inzira z’ubwiru zarimo iz’ubukungu, iz’umutekano w’igihugu n’inzira zo gukomeza ubwami. Zari zigizwe kandi n’urusobe rw’imihango n’imigenzo bifite amategeko agena uko bikorwa mu bihe runaka nk’uko bikorwa mu madini y’ubu. Abashinzwe iyo mihango bitwaga abiru, inzira z’ubwiru muri iki gihe zagereranywa n’Itegeko Nshinga rya Repubulika.
Ati “Inzira z’ubwiru zerekanaga uko igihugu kiyoborwa mu bihe runaka, niba hateye inzara hakaba inzira igihugu kigomba kunyuramo, kugirango bahangane n’icyo kibazo. Izo nzira zigereranywa n’Itegeko Nshinga na ho abariru bari bashinzwe iyo mihango, kuri ubu wabigereranya n’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko na Sena bikajya hamwe kuko ari byo bishyiraho ayo mategeko, bikanabishyira mu bikorwa.”
Inzira y’umuganura yakorwagamo imihango ngarukamwaka, igamije gufasha Abanyarwanda kweza imyaka myinshi igihugu kikagira uburumbuke. Uwo muhango waheraga ibwami Umwami agatanga umuganura, bagasangira bishimira umusaruro igihugu cyejeje.
Kuva ku Ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana kugeza ku Ngoma ya Ndahiro Cyamatare, inzira y’umuganura mu Rwanda yarakorwaga. Umuganura waje kugira agaciro gakomeye ku Ngoma ya Ruganzu II Ndori ubwo yahungukaga, ari byo gutahuka k’umwami agasanga igihugu kimaze imyaka 11 kitagira umwami nta n’umuganura utangwa.
Umusaza Muvunanyambo Appolinaire umwe mu bagize ‘‘Inteko Izirikana’’, kimwe na bagenzi be bavuga ko umuganura wongeye guhuza Abanyarwanda nyuma y’iyo myaka.
Ati“Ruganzu amaze guhuza igihugu yagombaga gushyira imbaraga nyinshi ku bumwe Abanyarwanda bakongera guhurira ku gihugu kimwe, umwami umwe, umuco umwe ni yo mpamvu yashyize imbaraga ku muganura, kuko ufite ibintu 3 biwuranga bikomeye birimo ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda, gukunda igihugu, no gukunda umurimo”.
Umusaza Nsanzabaganwa Straton wigeze gukora mu Inteko y’Umuco n’Ururimi yagize ati “Abaturage bakoranyaga imyaka hirya no hino mu gihugu bakayijyana ibwami, ku munsi w’umuganura umwami agapfukama agafata umwuko, akavuga umutsima afatanyije n’umuganuza, umwamikazi n’umugabekazi bakarya bakanywa ndetse bakaza kunywa n’inzoga, bagatarama bakaza kuvuga ibigwi by’ibyo bakoze mu gihugu. Hakaza kubaho imihigo bakiyemeza ibyo bazakora nyuma, umwami agafata amasuka akayabahereza akababwira ati mugende muhinge mweze, mworore zigwire mubyare mwororoke ubwo rero akaba abahaye umugisha”.
Abakuze bavuga ko gukomera kuri uyu muhango ari ugusigasira umurage w’u Rwanda, kuko umuganura ukubiyemo indangagaciro zirimo kwishimira umusaruro, gukunda umurimo ndetse n’igihugu.
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