Abashinzwe gucunga ibikoresho(Logisticiens), abashinzwe gucunga abakozi (HR), abakozi bafite mu nshingano guteza cyamunara ibikoresho bishaje (Prucurement) baturutse mu bigo bitandukanye n’Uturere 30 tugize igihugu, bamaze iminsi 2 bahugurirwa muri La Palisse Nyamata mu Bugesera, bahuguriwe kudahubuka mu gihe bateza cyamunara ibikoresho birimo na mudasobwa byashaje bitagikoreshwa, kuko amabanga y’ibigo ashobora gukoreshwa n’abandi bantu babifitiye inyungu zabo.
Umwe mu bahuguwe Delphine Umumararungu Umukozi ushinzwe gutanga amasoko ya Leta mu Karere ka Rulindo
Delphine Umumararungu Umukozi ushinzwe gutanga amasoko ya Leta mu Karere ka Rulindo yagize ati ‘‘ntabwo nari nzi ko mu gihe ibikoresho bya mudasobwa bibitsemo amakuru mu gihe twabihanaguraga (guforomata) ntabwo nari nzi ko amakuru asigaramo, ababiguze bakaba bakongera kuvanamo amakuru bashatse’’.
Yavuze ko kampani (company) zikora kinyamwuga (professional) zitanga impamyabushobozi (certificate), ati ‘‘ni byo byonyine tuzajya duha isoko, tugiye guhindura uburyo twatezagamo cyamunara, aho tuzaba twizeye ko amakuru y’umuturage adashobora kujyanwa ahandi hantu ku nyungu z’umuntu ku giti cye’’.
‘‘Ndifuza ko aya mahugurwa yagera no ku bandi benshi, amabuye ya radio n’itoroshi n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bigashyirwa ukwabyo natwe tugiye gukora ubuvugizi mu inzego zadutumye’’.
Mbera Olivier Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Enviroserve mu Rwanda, ari na bo bateguye ayo mahugurwa y’iminsi 2, yavuze ko abakozi barenga 100 ko baberetse ko mu gihe bakora cyamunara ifunguye harimo n’abanyamahanga bazamo, n’uri mu kindi gihugu ayizamo, kandi muri mudasobwa haba harimo amakuru y’umuturage, atagomba gusomwa na buri wese.
Ati ‘‘turabakangurira gukorana n’abafite uburenganzira (impushya zemewe), dufite uburyo bwa kinyamwuga (professional software) irabishwanyaguza, kuko muri (hard disc electronics) haba habitsemo amakuru y’umutarge, atagomba kujya mu kindi gihugu’’.
Icyo bagamije ngo ni uguhugura ibigo bya Leta n’ibyikorera ku abakozi bashinzwe ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga (électroniques na électriques), uburyo bwiza bwo kubicunga, aho babishyira mu gihe bishaje, ibyo bikoresho n’ikibazo cyugarije isi yose, bifite ubumara butandukanye, twese dushaka gukoresha ibishyashya ari nako ibishaje bigomba gushyirwa ku ruhande.
Ati ‘‘twabashyiriyeho amakusanyirizo hirya no hino mu gihugu y’ibikoresho bishaje by’ikoranabuhanga birimo ibinyabutabire byinshi, umwana ashobora kumena itara ry’amashanyarazi, televiziyo, frigo, icyo gihe bigomba gushyirwa ahabugenewe’’.
Leta y’u Rwanda n’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga ‘‘Enviroserve’’ bashyizeho ikusanyirizo ry’imyanda ibora n’ikoranabuhanga, bimwe ukwabyo, ibindi ukwabyo, kuko mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bigomba kuvanwamo ubumara, harimo n’ibindi bikoresho bifite akamaro byakongera gukoreshwa.
Amatara no muri ‘‘Screen’’ harimo ubutabire bita merikire (mercure) kuko ni mbi cyane, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku ikiremwamuntu, fotokopiyeze zitagikoreshwa zibitse ahantu, amabuye ya radio n’aya telecomande mu gihe avanzwe n’indi myanda ibora bikajyanwa mu kimoteri, bakabikuramo ifumbire bakoresha mu gutera imboga, ingaruka ni uko bitera kanseri ku muntu urya izo mboga.
Amazi yivanze na bateri y’ibyuma by’ikoranabuhanga byajugunywe mu migezi n’icyobo, biragenda bikagera mu mazi bikabyara aside (acide) umuntu mu gihe anyoye ayo mazi, bitera indwara zikomeye ku kiremwamuntu n’amatungo, bikangiza n’ibidukikije.
Indi nzira yakoreshwa ni kubihondahonda bigasiba amakuru y’ikigo (data) naho gusiba bakunze kwita format ntabwo bisibika, kuko abantu babitekereza, gusa ikigo bita EnviroServe ni kimwe mu bigo bifite uruganda rufite ubwo bushobozi kimwe no kunagura ibikoresho bishaje bikavugururwa bikongera bigakoreshwa (e-waste).
Mu Rwanda, mu 2018 kugeza 2021 toni ibihumbi 5 by’ikoranabuhanga bishaje bimaze gutoragurwa, mudasobwa 6 000 zamaze kunagurwa aho mudasobwa 300 byahawe ibigo by’amashuri.
Ibinyabutabire biri mu bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, iyo ubitwitse bihumanya ikirere n’uwabitwitse biramwangiza, mudasobwa, telephone frigo, iyo ubibitse ahantu bigaturika, byangiza Ozone, bigira ingaruka haba ku mubiri w’umuntu no ku bidukikije ariko kandi hari ibindi bikoresho muri ibyo bishaje by’ikoranabuhanga byongera gukoreshwa bifite agaciro.
Ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bifite bateri harimo ubumara bita kemikoze, amabuye ya radio na ya telekomande, ubwo bumara iyo bwivanze n’imyanda isanzwe ikoreshwa nk’ifumbire mu gutera imboga, umuntu uziriye bimuviramo kanseri, bateri y’imodoka, itara ivanze n’imyanda harimo icyo bita merikire (mercure) iyo umuntu ayihumetse bimugiraho ingaruka. Ibindi binyabutabire biboneka mu bikoresho bya plastique iyo ubitwitse bihumanya ikirere n’ubitwitse.
Ibikoresho bya frigo, byangiza akayunguruzo bita Ozone, harimo ibinyabutabire byinshi bifite ingaruka ku mubiri n’ibidukikije, bimwe mu bikoresho harimo ibifite agaciro bigomba kujya mu nganda. Abana bakunze kumena amatara, amabuye n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, ababyeyi barasabwa gukoresha uburyo bwabashyiriweho bwo gushyira ibyo bikoresho ku makusanyirizo yabagenewe.
Abakozi barenga 100 batandukanye baturutse mu turere 30 tugize igihugu n’ibigo byigenga n’ibifashwa na Leta mu mahugurwa y’iminsi 2 yo kunagura ibyuma by’ikoranabuhanga
Charles Gahungu Umuyobozi ushinzwe ikoranabuhanga (ICT) mu Kigo cy’Igihugu Ngenzuramikorere (RURA) akaba ari na we wafunguye ayo mahugurwa ku mugaragaro, yakanguriye abo bakozi bafite mu nshingano ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga kumenya kubungabunga ibyo bikoresho, kuko mu gihe bidakoreshejwe neza bifite ingaruka ku kiremwamuntu n’ibidukikje muri rusange.
Ati ‘‘mu bigo byanyu harimo za sitoki (stock) mu buryo udashobora no kuhabonamo umwanya, nimumara gusobanukirwa neza ko hari ingaruka byangiza abantu n’ibidukikije, imyanzuro muzakura aha muzahite muyishyira mu ingiro (mu bikorwa), bizabe umusemburo, umwanda tuwikize naho ibifite akamaro tubibyaze umusaruro’’.
Umuyobozi wa GGGI mu Rwanda ( Global Green Growth Institute) mu butumwa yatanze yavuze ko ibyuma bikomoka ku ikoranabuhanga (électroniques na électriques), ko bugenda bwiyongera bikaba bisaba kugenda bivugururwa, ibikoresho bitagikoreshwa bigakurwaho naho ibindi bikongera kuvugururwa, bituma imicungire y’ubukungu n’imikoreshereze y’ibigo bitera imbere, ayo mahugurwa y’imicungire (e-waste management), ibigo byigenga na Leta mu koranabuhanga muri Kigali no mu gihugu, ko GGGI izafasha abakozi batandukanye kububakira ubushobozi (capacity building) harimo ngo gushaka ibisubizo mu kunagura ibikoresho byashaje bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga.
Umwe mu bahuguye waturutse muri RURA, yabwiye abitabiriye amahugurwa agira ati ‘‘ibidukikije bifite ubuzima bwabyo, tugomba kubirinda nubwo tutabibonamo inyungu dukeneye, kurengera ibidukikije ni ukuzamura imyumvire’’.
Ikigo cy’Igihugu Ngenzuramikorere (RURA) cyashyizeho ibihano ku muntu utuzuza inshingano zo kutarengera ibidukikije, kuko mu gihe tutabyubahirije abazadukomokaho bashobora gusanga hatarabayeho kubungabunga isi kugira ngo ihorane umwimerere karemano.
Ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga 82,6% ku isi ntibizwi aho bijyanwa, kuko bishobora kuba bijyanwa mu bimoteri, imigezi n’ahandi hantu. Mu 2015, toni ibihumbi 15 byabonetse mu Rwanda, aho toni 500 buri mwaka binagurwa bigasubizwa bushyashya, ubumara bugakurwamo buri mwaka, ni kuvuga ko bihwanye na 20% bitunganywa, buri mwaka ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga (électronics) biriyongera mu Rwanda.
Abafite inshingano yo gucunga ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga basabwe kumenya abo bateza cyamunara aba ari bo babifitiye ubushobozi
Mu Rwanda, uhereye mu mwaka wa 2011, hari intambwe imaze guterwa, harimo no gushyiraho amabwiriza agenga kurengera ibidukikije, mu mwaka wa 2016 hemejwe uruganda rutunganya ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga naho mu mwaka wa 2018 hashyizweho amategeko agenga kunagura ibyuma byashaje by’ikoranabuhanga (e-waste management).
Ibigo n’imiryango biryamiye ibibazo, aho usanga hari amabuye ya telekomande ya tv na radio, radio zishaje, amatara yashaje atagikora anyanyagiye, frigo zashaje zibitse ahantu hatandukanye, mudasobwa, imodoka n’ibindi bikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga binyanyagiye hirya no hino.
Abo bakozi biyemeje kuba umusemburo wo kuvangura imyanda ibora ni iyo ikoranabuhanga yangiza umuntu n’ibidukikije muri rusange
Ibyo byose n’iyo ntandaro y’indwara z’ibyorezo harimo kanseri, guhumanya ikirere bigatuma habaho imihindagurikire y’ikirere, bigatuma habaho indwara z’ibyorezo, buri wese akaba asabwa kujyana ibikoresho bishaje ku makusanyirizo cyangwa uruganda rwongera gutunganya ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bityo tubungabunge isi n’ibidukikije muri rusange kugira ngo ihorane umwimerere wayo.
Basanda Ns Oswald
