Muri Sharm El-Sheikh (Misiri), amasoko ya karibone atanga amahirwe adasanzwe yo gufungura miliyari z’amafaranga akenewe mu bijyanye n’ubukungu bw’Afurika mu gihe yagura ingufu, guhanga imirimo, kurengera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, no kubungabunga ikirere.
Nyamara nubwo bimeze gutyo muri iki gihe Afurika itanga agace gato gusa k’inguzanyo ya karubone, mu inama ya loni yiga ku bidukikije ibera i Sharm El-Sheikh mu Misiri iyobowe na komite nyobozi igizwe n’abayobozi 13 b’abayobozi b’Afurika, abayobozi bakuru, n’impuguke mu bijyanye n’inguzanyo ya karubone, gutangiza udushya muri Afurika y’isoko rya karibone (Carbon Markets Initiative) (ACMI) hagamijwe kwagura ku buryo bugaragara uruhare rwa Afurika ku masoko ya karubone ku bushake.
Iyo gahunda yatangijwe mu inama ya COP 27 ku bufatanye na ‘‘Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet’’ (GEAPP), Ingufu zirambye kuri bose (SEforALL), na komisiyo ishinzwe ubukungu y’umuryango w’abibumbye ishinzwe Afurika, ku nkunga y’umuryango w’abibumbye w’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Mahmoud Mohieldin na Nigel Hejuru, bavuze ko ACMI yatangaje ko itinyutse ku mugabane wa Afurika, kugira ngo igere kuri miliyoni 300 z’inguzanyo zitangwa buri mwaka kugera mu 2030. Urwo rwego rw’umusaruro ruzafungura miliyari esheshatu zinjiza kandi rushyigikire miliyoni 30.
Kugeza mu 2050, ACMI irateganya inguzanyo zirenga miliyari 1.5 zitangwa buri mwaka muri Afurika, ikoresha miliyari zisaga 120 z’amadolari kandi igatera inkunga imirimo irenga miliyoni 110.
Damilola Ogunbiyi, umuyobozi mukuru wa SEforALL akaba n’umwe mu bagize komite nyobozi ya ACMI, yagize icyo avuga ku cyifuzo cya ACMI, yagize ati: “Kugeza ubu igipimo cy’inkunga kiboneka mu kongera ingufu muri Afurika ntaho kiri hafi y’ibisabwa.
Kugera ku ntego z’Afurika gutangiza udushya isoko ku bijyanye na karibone ‘‘Carbon Markets Initiative’’ bizagerwaho. Kuko gutanga inkunga ikenewe cyane izahindura umugabane w’Afurika”.
Icy’ingenzi, ACMI yiyemeje gushyigikira inguzanyo ku nyangamugayo, aho kugabana amafaranga angana kandi mu mucyo yinjira mu baturage.
Umwe mu bagize komite nyobozi ya ACMI akaba n’umuyobozi mukuru ushinzwe ikirere muri USAID, Gillian Caldwell, yagize ati “Isoko rya karubone muri Afurika rizagerwaho ari uko abantu bizeye ko inguzanyo nyafurika zitera ibikorwa by’ikirere kandi bikagira ingaruka nziza ku bantu. Nkuko igipimo cya VCM muri Afurika, USAID na ACMI izemeza ko ibikora ifite ubunyangamugayo nk’inkingi y’ibanze “.
Mu rwego rwo gushimangira umusaruro w’inguzanyo zifite ubunyangamugayo buhebuje, ACMI ifatanya n’ibikorwa by’ubunyangamugayo ku isi nk’inama y’ubunyangamugayo ku isoko ry’ubushake ku bijyanye na karibone ‘‘Carbone’’ (IC-VCM) ‘‘Carbone Markets Integrity Initiative’’ (VCMI), ndetse n’andi masoko ya karubone yo mu karere.
ACMI yasohoye ibikorwa by’Afurika ‘‘Carbon Markets Initiative’’ raporo yerekana ikarita: yo gukoresha amasoko ya karubone muri Afurika mu gikorwa cyo gutangiza COP 27.
Raporo igaragaza gahunda 13 zigamije gushyigikira iterambere ry’isoko rya karubone ku bushake (VCMs) ku mugabane w’Afurika.
Nubwo amasoko ya karubone ku bushake yamaze kwiyongera vuba, inguzanyo ku mugabane w’Afurika wiyongereye ku kigereranyo cya 36% buri myaka itanu ishize, hazakenerwa ingamba kugira ngo urwo rwego rwiyongere mu myaka icumi iri imbere.
Umunyamuryango wa komite nyobozi akaba na Visi Perezida, Afurika muri Global Energy Alliance for People and Planet Joseph Nganga yahamagariye abantu bose kugira uruhare muri iyo mbaraga ikomeye: “Gukomeza iterambere ryihuse ry’amasoko ya karubone nyafurika ntabwo bizabaho ku bw’impanuka, bizasaba ibikorwa na guverinoma, abiteza imbere, n’abaguzi.
Twese hamwe, dushobora gufungura miliyari z’imari y’ikirere n’iterambere ry’ubukungu muri Afurika’’. Ibihugu byinshi byo muri Afurika, harimo Kenya, Malawi, Gabon, Nijeriya na Togo, byiyemeje gufatanya na ACMI mu kongera umusaruro w’inguzanyo za karubone binyuze muri gahunda yo gutangiza isoko rya karubone ku bushake.
Iyi gahunda igamije guteza imbere icyifuzo cy’inguzanyo zisanzweho, cyangwa izisanzwe mu iterambere, kimwe n’ibicuruzwa n’ubwoko bushya bw’imishinga idafite isoko kandi bishobora kugira uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’ubukungu, imibereho, no kubungabunga ibidukikije ku mugabane w’Afurika.
Basanda Ns Oswald
